Some Homeowners Are Going Without Insurance But Choosing to Stay Put Inaugural UCLA Luskin California Poll reveals residents’ financial well-being and views on voting age, A/C and bracing for wildfire

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More than 1 in 5 California homeowners have dropped their home insurance because their policies were canceled or premiums have become unaffordable.

Yet despite a greater financial risk from wildfire and other threats, more than 9 in 10 of these uninsured households would rather stay in their communities than relocate.

This snapshot of the state’s high insurance burden is one of many findings from the inaugural UCLA Luskin California Poll, which measures residents’ viewpoints on some of the most pressing issues of our time.

Directed by UCLA Luskin scholar Martin Gilens, the 2025 poll also took the temperature of Californians on issues including household financial stability, efforts to lower the voting age, air conditioning access at home and in schools, and concerns about climate change.

“Policymakers need a clear understanding of the challenges Californians face,” said Gilens, a professor of public policy, political science and social welfare. “The UCLA Luskin California Poll supports more effective policymaking by systematically documenting Californians’ lived experiences with the urgent economic, environmental and political issues of our times.”

Here are some insights from the poll of 2,419 adults in the state, conducted in English and Spanish from March 5 to May 25, 2025:

  • Financial well-being: One section of the poll set out to identify residents’ economic vulnerabilities using metrics that are more expansive than mere income level. For example, 22% of respondents reported that, faced with an emergency, they would not be able to come up with $2,000 in 30 days. The poll also showed frequent use of financial services outside of mainstream banking, including payday loans (used by 31% of respondents), auto title loans (25%), and pawn shops (22%). Read the policy brief
  • Ballot access: With growing interest in lowering the voting age in the U.S. and internationally, the survey set out to understand the level of support among Californians from different regions and demographic groups. For national elections, about 60% opposed lowering the age to 16 or 17. For school board and local elections, respondents were more evenly split, with about 52% in opposition. Age was a strong determinant of public opinion, with people age 18 to 34 showing robust support while those 55 and older were strongly opposed. Read the policy brief
  • Access to air conditioning: With temperatures rising across the state, access to cooling relief from air conditioning is a public safety issue. While nearly 85% of respondents reported having access to air conditioning in at least part of their homes, almost half said they have at times chosen not to use it due to cost. For those with a child enrolled in a K–12 school, 56% indicated that they have kept their student home due to concerns that the indoor temperatures at school are too hot. Read the policy brief
  • Climate hazards: California has unusually high exposure to climate change hazards, which contribute directly and indirectly to economic losses, social dislocation, illnesses and injuries, and premature death. The poll found that respondents’ No. 1 climate-driven concern is wildfire, followed by heat and drought. Flooding and sea level rise were named by less than 10% of respondents. The poll also found mixed attitudes on whether preparing for different hazards is a matter of personal responsibility or government action. Read the policy brief
  • Homeowners insurance: The poll section on Californians’ ability to insure their homes highlighted rising costs over the past three years. Homeowners whose policies have been canceled or who cannot afford the expense of insurance are acutely vulnerable to future financial risks from environmental hazards. Read the policy brief

 

A UCLA Luskin Student’s Take on the Rollback of Criminal Justice Reforms

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UCLA Luskin Social Welfare student Francisco Villarruel grew up during a tough-on-crime era in California, was incarcerated as a teen, but emerged to find community-based reentry programs that helped him get back on his feet. Now, he is watching with dismay as the state rolls back criminal justice reforms that he believes have led to healthier, safer communities.

In a letter to the editor published by the Washington Post, Villarruel shares his experiences as an Angeleno who spent half his life behind bars, then found rehabilitative services that have helped him to thrive, eventually leading to graduate school at UCLA.

“Community-based reentry programs have an impressive success rate, reducing rearrest and reconviction rates for participants, and doing so more cheaply than simply keeping people in jail,” Villarruel writes. “California’s Proposition 36, which passed last month, will reduce available funding both for these sorts of supportive programs and for victims’ services.”

The result, he says, is that “more kids will be repeatedly caged for huge portions of their lives and released without the support of programs that help people turn their lives around.”

Villarruel was urged to write the letter as an extra-credit assignment in UCLA Luskin’s “Foundations of Social Welfare Policy” class taught by Assistant Professor Sicong (Summer) Sun.

“Francisco draws on his lived experiences and empirical evidence to engage in a timely discussion of criminal justice policy, specifically addressing the recent passage of California’s Proposition 36,” which stiffens penalties for drug and theft crimes, said Sun, who joined the Social Welfare faculty this year.

Luskin School Adds 2 Tenure-Track Faculty Social Welfare scholar focuses on health equity and race, while Urban Planning addition has experience in real estate development and land use policy

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By Stan Paul

Two new additions have joined UCLA Luskin’s faculty this summer, bringing research experience and teaching expertise to its graduate and undergraduate programs.

Sicong “Summer” Sun, most recently at the School of Social Welfare at the University of Kansas, is UCLA Luskin Social Welfare’s newest assistant professor. Minjee Kim, previously in Florida State University’s department of urban and regional planning, is a new assistant professor in urban planning.

Laura Abrams, professor and outgoing chair of Social Welfare, announced Sun’s appointment. “Summer is conducting critical work on the intersections of poverty, race and health and will add greatly to our mission of advancing knowledge, practice and policy for a just society,” she said.

Sun studied at the Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, earning a doctorate and a master’s degree in social welfare, with a concentration in social and economic development and a specialization in research.

Their areas of interest include health equity and social determinants of health, race, ethnicity and immigration, as well as poverty, inequality and social mobility. One example of Sun’s work — the subject of their dissertation — is racial and ethnic differences in the relationship between wealth and health.

“My recent projects have been investigating how the relationship between wealth and health differ by race and ethnicity, how structural conditions shape people’s differential access to resources, thereby impacting their health and well-being,” Sun explained.

In addition to doing research, Sun will be teaching a graduate course this fall on the foundations of social welfare policy, followed in winter with a course on human behavior in the social environment focused on theoretical perspectives in social work and social welfare.

“I’m excited to expand my research, collaborate with colleagues across disciplines, and work with and learn from local community partners. I’m also looking forward to teaching and mentoring students,” Sun said. “I heard UCLA students are very passionate and smart, with many ideas to change the world. I’m eager to engage with them in the classroom, and support their research, practice and careers.”

Kim previously worked as an architect in Korea on projects from offices and buildings to parks, pavilions and master plans for new towns, turning to a career in academia upon developing an interest in public policy and planning. She earned master’s and doctoral degrees in urban planning at MIT.

“I really wanted to have a greater influence than standalone buildings or projects, which is what really got me interested in public policy as well as planning,” she said.

While pursuing her graduate degrees, she worked for the city of Cambridge as a research associate for the Community Development Department, and then at the development review unit at Boston’s Planning and Development Agency.

Kim began to realize how planning and real estate can have a synergistic relationship when working in these city departments. “I observed first-hand that when planners have an understanding of the real estate development process and the economics of it, they can use the tools under their belts to collaborate and negotiate with developers to identify solutions that can push real estate development towards more equitable outcomes,” Kim said.

Michael Manville, professor and chair of Urban Planning, said Kim’s diverse skill set will add value to the Design and Development concentration within Luskin Urban Planning, as well as to the new Master of Real Estate Development (MRED) program.

Kim’s vision for real estate development brings about positive change to historically marginalized communities. This is an approach that stands in sharp contrast to the historical practice of real estate development, which had been a tool for race and class exclusion, displacement and residential segregation. A new breed of equitable and socially responsible projects, Kim said, “can reduce the existing socioeconomic inequalities that have been created and perpetuated by past real estate development practices.”

Fittingly, Kim will be teaching graduate courses on public/private development and site planning, which will be about how planners, urban designers and developers can work together to identify creative solutions for building equitable, socially responsive and redemptive development projects. She will also teach a graduate course on zoning for equity, which she has taught previously as part of a multi-campus course in conjunction with Paavo Monkkonen, a UCLA Luskin professor of urban planning and public policy. In addition to these graduate courses, Kim will instruct students in the undergraduate major in public affairs.

“Minjee has already established herself as a productive scholar working at the intersection of land use regulation, real estate development and housing, so we’re thrilled to bring her on board,” Manville said.